Ocular Anasthesia and Type 

Ocular surgery could also be performed under topical, local or general anesthesia . 

local anesthesia is more frequently employed because it entails little risk and is a smaller amount dependent upon patient’s general health.

it's easy to perform, possesses rapid onset of action and provides a coffee pressure with dilated pupil. 

Above all, in developing countries like India, with an outsized number of cataract cases, it's far more economical.

 

REGIONAL (LOCAL) ANAESTHESIA

 

 

Indications.

 Most ocular operations namely, cataract extraction, glaucoma surgery, keratoplasty and other corneal surgeries, iridectomy, squint and detachment of the retina surgery in adult are often performed under local anesthesia .

Aim of Block

 
The main goals of regional anesthesia for successful ocular surgery are:

globe and conjunctival anaesthesia, orbicularis akinesia, ocular akinesia and low intraocular and intraorbital pressure.

These goals are often achieved by an area anaesthesia comprising either surface anaesthesia, facial block and retrobulbar block or a mixture of surface anaesthesia and peribulbar block.

Surface (Topical) anaesthesia

 

Surface anaesthesia achieved by topical instillations of two to 4 percent xylocaine or 1 percent amethocaine. 

Usually a drop of anaesthetic solution instilled 4 times after every 4 minutes is sufficient to supply conjunctival and corneal anaesthesia. Cataract surgery by phacoemulsification are often performed under topical anesthesia.

Type of Local anasthesia. 

1. Facial Block

2. Retrobulbar block 

3. Peribulbar block