Systemic ophthalmology : Important points
MISCELLANEOUS POINTS
• Most common ocular involvement in sarcoidosis is iritis.
• The most common ocular finding in AIDS patients is iritis and the most common fundus finding is cotton wool spots.
• The commonestocularfinding inanaemia ispallor of conjunctiva.
• Diabetes is themost commoncause of cottonwool spots.
• Toxoplasmosis is the most common cause of posterior uveitis.
• The major cause of blindness in leprosy is iritis
• The most common ocular manifestation of multiple sclerosis is retrobulbar neuritis.
• Ocular signs in SLE are marginal corneal degeneration, episcleritis, scleritis, retinal haemorrhages and cotton-wool retinal exudates.
• Pupillary abnormalities in tabes dorsalis include spinal miosis, anisocoria and argyll-robertson pupil.
• Most commonly involved cranial nerve in fracture base of the skull is facial nerve.
• The commonest ocular sign of hypothyroidism is cataract.
• Dalrymple’s sign is the commonest lid sign of Graves’ ophthalmopathy.
• The commonest feature of Waardenburg’s syndrome is lateral displacement of both medial canthi and lacrimal puncta.
• The commonest ocular infection associated with AIDS is CMV retinitis.
• Ocular complications associated with pregnancy are worsening of diabetic retinopathy, ptosis, central serous retinopathy, ophthalmoplegia.